VIPU Supply Chain Encyclopedia: Introduction to Container Knowledge

Definition of Container Regarding the definition of container, experts and scholars at home and abroad have had certain differences over the years. The following is the introduction of the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) definition of a container. The International Organization for Standardization (ISO) defines a container as 'a container is a transportation equipment that should meet the following requirements: (1) Durable and strong It is strong enough to be used repeatedly; (2) It is specially designed to facilitate the transportation of goods, and does not need to be reloaded in one or more modes of transportation; (3) It is equipped with a device for easy loading, unloading and handling, especially convenient for The transportation method is transferred to another transportation method; (4) The design should pay attention to the convenience of filling or unloading the goods; (5) The internal volume is 1 square meter or more. The term container does not include vehicles or traditional packaging At present, China, Japan, the United States, France and other relevant countries in the world have fully introduced the definitions of the International Organization for Standardization. In addition to the definitions of ISO, there are 'Container Customs Convention' (CCC) and 'International Container Safety Convention' ( The definitions of containers under CSC), British National Standards and North American Pacific Liner Association are basically the same. In China’s national standard GB1992-85 'Terminals of Container NamesFor multimodal transportation, container standardization must be strengthened, and container standardization work should be further done. Container standards are divided into four categories according to the scope of use, including international standards, national standards, regional standards, and company standards. 1. International standard containers are based on the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) The 104th Technical Committee established the international standard for the construction and use of standard containers. Container standardization has gone through a development process. Since the establishment of the ISO/TC104 Technical Committee of the International Organization for Standardization in 1961, it has worked on the international container standards. Repeated additions, additions, reductions and modifications, the current international standard is the first series with 13 types, all of which have the same width (2438mm), four lengths (12192mm, 9125mm, 6058mm, 2991mm), and four heights (2896mm, 2591mm, 2438mm, 2438mm). 2. National standard containers. Governments of various countries refer to international standards and consider their own specific conditions to formulate their own container standards. China’s current national standard 'Container External Dimensions and Rated Weight' (GB1413-85) contains The external dimensions, limit deviations and rated weights of various models. 3. Regional standard containers. Such container standards are formulated by regional organizations according to the special conditions of the region. Such containers are only applicable to the region. For example, according to European International Railways Containers built according to the container standards established by the Union (VIC). 4. The company’s standard containers. Certain large-scale container shipping companies have established container shipping company standards based on the company’s specific conditions and conditions. Such containers are mainly transported by the company. Used within the range. For example, the 35ft container of the American Sea and Land Company. In addition, there are many non-standard containers in the world. For example, the non-standard length container includes the 35ft container of the American Sea and Land Company and the Presidential Shipping Company. 45ft and 48ft containers; non-standard height containers, mainly 9ft and 9.5ft height containers; non-standard width containers include 8.2ft width containers, etc. Driven by economic efficiency, there are more and more 20ft containers in the world with a total weight of 24ft, and they are generally welcomed. Types of containers With the development of container transportation, in order to meet the needs of loading different types of goods, different types of containers have appeared. These containers are not only different in appearance, but also different in structure, strength, and size. According to the different purposes of the container, there are the following types. 1. Dry Cargo Container (DryCargoContainer), also known as general cargo container, is a general-purpose container used to load general cargo other than liquid cargo, cargo that requires temperature adjustment, and special cargo. This kind of container has a very wide range of use. There are two commonly used 20ft and 40ft. Its structure is often closed, and generally has a door on one end or side. 2. Open Top Container (OpenTopContainer) is also called open top container. This is a container without a rigid top, but with a roof made of canvas, plastic cloth or plastic coated cloth supported by a foldable top beam. The cargo container is similar. The open-top container is suitable for loading taller large cargo and heavy cargo that needs to be hoisted. Other shipping information