Pacific, Atlantic, Indian and Arctic routes

The characteristics of international maritime transportation are low cost and long-distance, large-volume freight transportation. However, it is greatly affected by natural conditions and the transportation speed is slow. At the same time, it needs to cooperate with and connect with other transportation methods!

　The main shipping routes are as follows:

1. Pacific route: the route is divided into 3 groups of 10 1. (North Indian Ocean-Mediterranean-Northwest Europe; South Africa-West Africa-East Coast of South America) (Australia-New Zealand-Pacific Island countries route; Southeast Asia route ) (West Coast of North America; Caribbean-East Coast of North America; West of South America) 2. (East-West Coast of North America; West of South America) 3. East/West Bank of North America and West Coast of South America; the coast of this route is about 30 Countries!

2. Atlantic route: The route is divided into 2 groups and 8 routes, totaling more than 70 countries; 1. (North American east coast route; Caribbean route; Mediterranean-Middle East-Far East-Australia and New Zealand route; South American east-West Africa route ) 2. (Mediterranean-Middle East-Asia-Pacific route; Cape of Good Hope route; Caribbean route; South American East route)

3. The Indian Ocean route: The route is divided into 3 groups and 8 routes with a total of more than 30 countries 1. (Far East route; Europe-North America east coast route) 2. (Australia-New Zealand route) 3 (Far East-Suey Canal-Gulf Route; Australia-Suez Canal-Gulf route)

　　 Fourth, the Arctic Ocean route: the two routes are mainly in the United Kingdom, Russia, etc.:

　　 Jing Ba Lunzhi, Kara Sea, Eastern Siberian Sea, White Collar Strait, etc.

　　Ports in Svalbard, Iceland and the UK

The details are as follows:

Introduction of global ocean routes

The Pacific route can be divided into the following route groups:

　　① Far East-North America West Coast Lines

　　 This route refers to ports in Southeast Asian countries, China, and Northeast Asian countries. It crosses the North Pacific to ports in the United States and the west coast of Canada along the Great Circle route. The route also fluctuates with the seasons, generally north in summer and south in winter to avoid sea fog and storms in the North Pacific. This route is one of the routes with the fastest growth in freight volume and the largest freight volume after the war.

　　② Far East-Caribbean Sea, North American East Coast Lines

The route not only crosses the North Pacific, but also crosses the Panama Canal, so it is generally southerly and the distance across the ocean is longer. The Honolulu Port of the Hawaiian Islands is their terminal, where ships add fuel and supplies. This route is also one of the routes with the largest cargo volume in the Pacific.

　　③ Far East-South America west coast routes

　　 This route is the same as the above route, it has to cross the ocean, the route is long, and it needs to pass through the Pacific Central Station; but the difference is that it does not need to cross the Panama Canal. This line also has a hub port that travels south to the South Pacific before crossing the South Pacific to the west coast of South America.

　　④ Far East-Australia, New Zealand and Southwest Pacific Island Countries

　　 This route does not need to cross the Pacific Ocean, but sails in the western Pacific from north to south, close to land, and has a shorter route. However, due to the developed industry in some northern island countries (regions) and poor resources, while the southern countries are rich in resources, the transportation of primary products is particularly busy.

　　⑤ East Asia-Southeast Asia routes

　　 refers to Japan, South Korea, North Korea, the Russian Far East, and the southwest ports of China to Southeast Asian ports. The route is short, but frequent exchanges, interregional trade is booming, and rapid development.

　　⑥ Far East-North Indian Ocean, Mediterranean, Northwest Europe routes

　　 Most of the routes go west through the Strait of Malacca, and there are also many primary products such as oil and other countries that pass through the Lombok Strait and the North Indian Ocean countries. The transportation through the Suez Canal to the Mediterranean Sea and Northwest Europe is mostly based on finished goods. Cargo is busy on this route.

　　⑦ East Asia-East South Africa, West Africa, South America East Coast route

　　 Most of the routes pass through the Straits of Malacca or Southwest of the Sunda Strait through Southeast Asia to ports in East and South Africa, or to the ports of West African countries through the Cape of Good Hope, or across the Atlantic from Vietnam to the ports of East Coast countries in South America. The route also focuses on transporting resource-based cargo.

　　⑧ Australia, New Zealand-North America West and East Coast routes

　　Australia to New Zealand's west coast ports generally pass through these Pacific shipping hubs such as Suva and Honolulu. To the ports on the east coast of North America and the ports in the Caribbean countries, the Panama Canal is required.

　　⑨ Australia, New Zealand-South America West Coast countries

　　 This route needs to cross the Pacific Ocean of Vietnam. Due to the small number of countries and population on both sides of the strait, the trade volume is the least, and the ships are sparse.

　　⑩ North America East and West Coast-South America West Coast Route

　　The routes are all sailing in the North and South American continents. Due to the small population and small area of ??the west coast of South America, there is less ship traffic between North and South. Ports from the west coast of South America to the east coast of North America pass through the Panama Canal.

Indian Ocean Route Group

The Indian Ocean Route Group mainly includes:

　　① Middle East Gulf-Far East port routes

　　The eastbound route of the route is mainly oil, especially the oil transportation to Japan and South Korea, and the westbound route is mostly industrial products and food.

　　② Middle East Gulf-Europe, North America east coast port route

　　The supertankers of this route all bypass the Strait of Mozambique and the Cape of Good Hope. Due to the continuous development of the Suez Canal, the number of oil tankers passing through the canal is increasing. At present, 250,000-ton full-loaded ships can pass safely.

　　③ Far East-Suez Canal route

　　 Most of the routes are only through, connecting the Far East and the ports of the two major trading areas of Europe and the Mediterranean. The density of ships is large, especially the heavy traffic of container ships.

　　④ Australia-Suez Canal, Middle East Gulf route

　　 This route connects the traditional trade between Australia, New Zealand and the original 'sovereign country' of Western Europe, and also exchanges oil in the Gulf with agricultural and animal husbandry products from Australia and New Zealand.

　　⑤ South Africa-Far East route

　　 This route exports minerals from Brazil and South Africa to Japan, South Korea, and China, and also returns industrial products.

　　⑥ South Africa-Australia-New Zealand route

　　 The South Indian Ocean crossing has the fewest ships in the Indian Ocean.

Atlantic Route Group

The main route groups on the Atlantic Ocean are:

　　① Northwest Europe-North America east coast routes

　　The route connects two economically developed regions, North America and Northwest Europe, and has a long history of shipping trade. Ship traffic is particularly busy and passenger and freight traffic is large.

　　② Northwest Europe-Mediterranean, Middle East, Far East, Australia and New Zealand routes

　　 Northwest Europe to the Mediterranean route is mainly a link between northwestern Europe and southern European countries, the distance is shorter. However, the routes from the Suez Canal to the Middle East, the Far East, and Australia and New Zealand have greatly increased. However, they are the most convenient routes between Northwest Europe and the Asia-Pacific region, the Middle East Gulf, and the freight volume is also large. It is the second largest route in Northwest Europe.

　　③ Northwest Europe-Caribbean coast routes

　　 The route crosses the North Atlantic Ocean, crosses the wind, the Mona Strait, and some are connected to the Pacific route that passes the Panama Canal.

　　④ Europe-South America east coast or Africa west coast routes

　　The route is mostly closed by the Canary Islands cargo port of Dakar. It is a trade route between developed European countries and developing countries on both sides of the South Atlantic. Most European countries export industrial products and import more primary products.

　　⑤ North American east coast-Mediterranean, Middle East, Asia Pacific routes

　　 This route is similar to the Northwest Europe-Mediterranean, Middle East and Far East routes, but the route is longer and needs to cross the North Atlantic. The cargo is mainly oil and container cargo.

　　⑥ North American East Coast-Carribean Coast Port Routes

　　 The route is short, but the density of ships is frequent. There are not only ships between the ports of the countries in the two regions, but also ships from the Panama Canal to the ports in the Far East and the west coast countries of North and South America.

　　⑦ North American East Coast-South America East Coast Port Route

　　 This route is a convection route between industrial and agricultural products between North and South America.

　　⑧ East Coast of North and South America-Cape of Good Hope

　　 The port on the east coast of North America through the Cape of Good Hope to the Gulf of the Middle East is a transportation line for giant oil tankers. Oil tankers above 200,000 tons need to pass through, as well as giant oil tankers in Northwest Europe. The ports on the east coast of South America have not only crude oil but also primary products such as iron ore. China, Japan, South Korea and other iron ores transporting Brazil pass through this route.

Arctic Ocean Route

　　Because the apex of the Arctic Ocean system in Europe, Asia, and North America, it is a shortcut to connect the three continents. In view of the particularity of the geographical location, the Arctic Ocean has opened the season from Murmansk via the Barents Sea, Kara Sea, Laptev Sea, Eastern Siberian Sea, Chukotka Sea, Bering Strait to the Russian Far East Port Sex routes; and direct routes from Murmansk to the Svalbard Islands, Reykjavik in Iceland, and London in the United Kingdom. With the further development of nautical technology and the economic development of the Arctic Ocean, Arctic Ocean routes will also have greater development