Basic operations of seaborne import and export

1. Basic operations of carton packing

　　Carton is the most common type of packaging for containerized goods. It is generally used to pack finer and lighter goods. Because the container is packed with uniform-sized cartons, there may be gaps during packing. When the gap is relatively narrow, it is generally not necessary to fix the goods, but when the gap is large, it needs to be tied and fixed according to the specific conditions of the goods.

(1) If cartons of different sizes are mixed, a reasonable combination of cartons size should be adopted to achieve close stacking.

(2) Carton cargo of LCL should be separated. You can use non-fumigation materials such as paper, netting, plywood, and pallet when separating tickets. You can also use chalk, tape, etc. as marks.

(3) When the carton cargo is not enough to fill a container, attention should be paid to the stacking height of the carton to meet the requirement of full container bottom surface.

(4) Pack the box from the inside to the outside, or from both sides to the middle.

(5) When there is a gap in the transverse direction, the weight of the upper layer can be used to press down the lower layer, and the uppermost layer must be filled or fixed.

(6) If the carton is heavy, the middle layer of the container needs to be properly lined. In order to prevent the lower layer of goods from being squeezed from the upper layer of goods to cause damage to the goods.

(7) When there is a large gap at the door end, it is necessary to use protective materials to fill the gap and secure the goods. Prevent the goods from moving back and forth.

(8) When loading small carton cargo, in order to prevent cargo collapse, the stacking method of vertical and horizontal crossing can be adopted.

2. The basic operation of wooden box cargo packing

(1) When loading relatively heavy small wooden boxes, the saddle seam loading method can be used, so that the upper wooden box is pressed on the joint of the two lower wooden boxes, and the uppermost layer must be fixed or plugged.

(2) When loading a small wooden box, if there is a large gap at the door end, it must be fixed or supported by wooden boards and wooden strips.

(3) Heavy and large wooden boxes with a low center of gravity can only be loaded with one layer and the bottom area of ??the box cannot be fully utilized, they should be installed in the center of the container, and the bottom must be fixed horizontally with square wooden strips.

(4) For a wooden box with a high center of gravity, it is not enough to fix it close to the bottom, and wooden bars must be used to support it.

(5) When loading extremely heavy large wooden boxes, concentrated loads or eccentric loads are often formed, so special fixing facilities must be provided to prevent the goods from contacting the front and rear walls of the container.

(6) When loading boxes, steel belts are usually used for tightening, or elastic nylon belts or cloth belts are used instead of steel belts.

3. The basic operation of pallet cargo packing

　　 Pallets are usually loaded with cartons, bags and barrels. Carton cargoes generally need to be wrapped with film reinforcement at the end; after the bagged goods are loaded, the size of the bag must be consistent with the size of the pallet. For slippery bagged goods, wrap film reinforcement is generally required; barrels are generally at the end It is recommended to bind, and wrap around the outside.

(1) If the size of the pallet can only be loaded with one piece in the horizontal direction of the container, the goods must be placed in the center of the container and fixed with vertical stows.

(2) When loading more than two layers of goods, regardless of whether the gap is in the horizontal or vertical direction, the bottom is recommended to be fixed with a log.

(3) If the number of pallets is an odd number, the last pallet should be placed in the center, and the rope should be tightened through the tie ring.

(4) When palletized cargo is loaded into a frame container, the weight of the container must be balanced before and after. After loading the cargo, straps should be used to tighten the cargo. The cargo or the container should be covered with canvas or plastic film after loading.