11 aspects such as warehousing and cold chain

Recently, seven departments including the Central Agriculture Office, the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, the National Development and Reform Commission, the Ministry of Finance, the People’s Bank of China, the China Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission, and the China Securities Regulatory Commission jointly issued the 'Regarding Expansion of Effective Investment in Agriculture and Rural Areas and Accelerating the Compensation of Outstanding Shortcomings in the 'Three Rural Areas' Board of Opinions. On July 13, the person in charge of the Central Agriculture Office and the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs answered reporters’ questions on the 'Opinions'. In addition to introducing the relevant background information, the person in charge pointed out that speeding up high-standard farmland, agricultural products storage and fresh-keeping cold chain logistics facilities, modern agriculture 11 areas, including the park, are key areas to make up for the shortcomings of the 'three rural'.

　　In the first quarter, fixed asset investment in the primary industry dropped by 13.8%

　　 In answering questions from reporters, the person in charge mentioned the background and significance of the release of the 'Opinions' and mentioned that due to changes in the macro environment and other factors, the growth rate of fixed asset investment in the primary industry has declined year by year since 2015. Since last year, the previous “leading” trend has been changed. The investment growth rate has continued to decline, and there has even been a negative growth for eight consecutive months. The annual growth rate is only 0.6%, which is significantly lower than that of the secondary and tertiary industries.

This year, the sudden new crown pneumonia epidemic has had a major impact on agricultural and rural investment. In the first quarter, fixed asset investment in the primary industry fell by 13.8%, of which private investment, which accounted for the largest proportion, fell by 16.9% year-on-year. Although the subsequent decline has gradually narrowed , But the downward trend has not been fundamentally curbed. This momentum continues, and it does not meet the requirements of stable agricultural production and supply and farmers' income increase, does not match the task of making up for the outstanding shortcomings of the 'three rural' in a comprehensive well-off society, and is not commensurate with the requirements for promoting the overall revitalization of the countryside.

　　 The head of the Central Agriculture Office and the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs mentioned that this year is the year when the goal of building a moderately prosperous society in all respects has been achieved, and the year when the fight against poverty has been fully won. The new crown pneumonia epidemic has brought unexpected impact to agriculture and rural areas. Do a good job in the 'six stability' work, implement the 'six guarantees' task, make up for the outstanding shortcomings in the 'three rural' areas of a comprehensive well-off, overcome the adverse effects of the new crown pneumonia epidemic, ensure food security and important non-staple food supplies, and stabilize agriculture Basically, we must earnestly expand effective investment in agriculture and rural areas, which is also an important part of stabilizing investment and expanding domestic demand.

　　 Three rural areas to make up for shortcomings focus on 11 aspects

　　 The relevant person in charge of the Central Agricultural Office and the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs pointed out that there are still obvious weak links in the construction of agriculture and rural areas in accordance with the implementation of the strategy of building a well-off society in an all-round way and revitalizing the countryside.

In the process of answering questions from reporters, the person in charge specifically mentioned that the basic support for agricultural production is still not strong. There are still 400 million mu of low-yield fields, accounting for 22% of the cultivated land; the conversion rate of agricultural products processing is not high, and the agricultural product processing industry and agriculture The output value ratio is only 2.3:1, while in developed countries it is generally above 4:1. Facilities for sorting, storage, drying, preservation, and packaging are obviously insufficient, and the post-production loss rate of fruits and vegetables is as high as 20%; rural public infrastructure The construction is relatively weak, and there are many debts in rural roads, water supply and sewage treatment, and the improvement of human settlements. 82.6% of the village’s domestic sewage is not treated centrally, and more than 30% of the farmers do not have universal sanitary toilets, and the proportion of flushing toilets is lower . To make up for these shortcomings, it is urgent to increase investment and construction in agriculture and rural areas.

Therefore, focusing on the outstanding shortcomings in the field of agricultural and rural infrastructure, the 'Opinions' emphasized the need to speed up high-standard farmland, agricultural products storage and preservation cold chain logistics facilities, modern agricultural parks, animal and plant protection, modern coastal fishing ports, rural living environment improvement, rural areas The construction of major agricultural and rural projects in 11 areas, including water supply guarantee, township sewage treatment, smart agriculture and digital villages, rural roads, and rural power grids.

　　Expand the scale of local government bonds used in agriculture and rural areas

　　 It is reported that the 'Opinions' proposes policies and measures to expand effective agricultural and rural investment in terms of expanding the scale of local government bonds used in agriculture and rural areas, and ensuring financial investment in supporting agriculture. The relevant person in charge pointed out that at present, the key to expanding effective investment in agriculture and rural areas is to seize the rare opportunity of the country to expand the scale of local government bond issuance, and strive to increase the scale of agricultural and rural areas.

　　 Local government bonds are an important policy tool deployed by the central government to support local governments to 'make up for shortcomings'. In recent years, the scale of issuance has continued to expand. This year, the central government has substantially increased the amount of local government bond issuance. The 'Government Work Report' clearly issued 3.75 trillion yuan in local government special bonds, an increase of 1.6 trillion yuan over last year, and clearly supported modern agricultural facilities, drinking water safety projects and human settlements. Remediation and construction. But on the whole, the proportion of local government special debts used in agriculture and rural areas is still relatively low, less than 4%. This is inconsistent with the task of making up for the shortcomings of the 'three rural' in a well-off society, and does not meet the needs of rural revitalization.

　　 To implement the requirements of the central government, the 'Opinions' specify that local government bonds should be used for agricultural and rural areas, increase investment in agricultural and rural areas through local government special debts, and increase support for agricultural and rural infrastructure and other major projects. At the same time, it is also clarified that local governments should use general local government bonds to support the construction of eligible rural revitalization projects, and use special anti-epidemic national debt funds for infrastructure construction projects such as agriculture, forestry, and water conservancy that have certain income guarantees.

　　 At the same time, private capital accounts for about 80% of the fixed asset investment in the primary industry, and is the main force of agricultural and rural investment. In addition to the government investment mentioned above, in what ways has the 'Opinions' boosted the confidence of private capital in investing in agriculture and rural areas?

The relevant person in charge introduced that in terms of financial support for agriculture, in order to solve the problem of 'financing difficulties' and 'high financing' for agricultural and rural investment entities, the 'Opinions' require that inclusive finance support the development of new agricultural business entities with policy measures and innovate financial products. And services, fully implement the mortgage financing of greenhouses, breeding pens, large agricultural machinery, and land management rights.

On the other hand, in terms of creating a good investment environment, the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs and the Ministry of Natural Resources have jointly issued a notice on the management of facility agricultural land, and the Ministry of Ecology and Environmental Protection has jointly issued a notice on further improving the environmental assessment management of large-scale pig breeding. Notice. Focus on actively guiding and encouraging social capital investment. (Reporter Tian Jiexiong)