Nigerian Ports-Introduction of Major Ports in Nigeria

Nigeria (Federal Republic of Nigeria), a country located in southeastern West Africa, the apex of the west bank of the Gulf of Guinea. Adjacent countries include Benin in the west, Niger in the north, a small border between Chad and Chad in the east, and Cameroon in the east and southeast, and the Gulf of Guinea in the south. Nigeria is rich in resources and has well-developed financial, legal, communications and transportation industries. As the most populous country in Africa, it has more than 250 ethnic groups, but the most influential are the Hausa-Fulani, Yoruba and Ibo tribes. Nigeria is classified as an emerging market and is rapidly approaching the standards of middle-income countries. It is now one of the members of the Commonwealth. Overview of Nigeria Nigeria (Federal Republic of Nigeria), a country located in southeastern West Africa, the apex of the west bank of the Gulf of Guinea. Adjacent countries include Benin in the west, Niger in the north, a small border between Chad and Chad in the east, and Cameroon in the east and southeast, and the Gulf of Guinea in the south. Nigeria is rich in resources and has well-developed financial, legal, communications and transportation industries. As the most populous country in Africa, it has more than 250 ethnic groups, but the most influential are the Hausa-Fulani, Yoruba and Ibo tribes. Nigeria is classified as an emerging market and is rapidly approaching the standards of middle-income countries. It is now one of the members of the Commonwealth. Nigerian economy Nigeria is the largest oil producer in Africa and the sixth largest oil exporter in the world. It is also a member of OPEC (OPEC). It was listed as a low-income country by the International Monetary Fund in 1992. Since 1995, the government has rectified the economy and achieved certain results. In 1998, due to the drop in oil prices in the international market and the suspension of domestic oil refineries, economic growth slowed down. After Obasanjo came to power in 1999, he actively promoted liberalization and privatization reforms, implemented a tight monetary policy, strictly restricted the borrowing of new debts, vigorously supported agriculture, and strengthened the development and infrastructure construction of oil, gas, mining and other industries Actively strive for foreign investment, foreign aid and debt relief. Due to the favorable external factors of the continued rise in oil prices in the international market, the Nigerian economic situation has tended to improve. The main manufacturing industries are textile, vehicle assembly, wood processing, cement, beverage and food processing, most of which are concentrated in Lagos and its surrounding areas. The infrastructure is in disrepair and the technical level is low. Most industrial products still rely on imports. Agriculture accounts for 40% of GDP. 70% of the labor force in the country is engaged in agriculture. The main agricultural production areas are concentrated in the northern region. The mode of agricultural production is still dominated by the small peasant economy, food cannot be self-sufficient, and large quantities of imports are still required every year. Major ports in Nigeria Lagos Lagos is located at the OGUN estuary in the southern coast of Nigeria (Full name: THE FEDERAL REPUBLICOF NIGERIA), on the north side of Benin Bay. It is the largest port in Nigeria. The port is about 14km away from the international airport. Founded in the early 20th century, it consists of 6 islands and a large part of the surrounding continent, and is connected by a wide elevated iron bridge. It is a famous floating city, so it is known as 'Africa Venice'. Now it is the economic, cultural and transportation center of Nigeria. The transportation is well developed, and the railway can connect to NGURU in the northwest, and directly to PORT HARCOURT via KADUNA. Highways can be connected to all parts of the country. Hong Kong is the most important aviation center in West Africa, with 23 foreign airline flights and 24 routes connecting 47 cities in the world, with more than 300 flights every week. The main industries are oil extraction, textiles, cocoa processing, automobile assembly, machinery, papermaking, rubber, shipbuilding, metal processing and oil refining, etc., and have large oil extraction plants. The port has cultural facilities such as Lagos University, libraries and museums, as well as important tourist and health resorts in Nigeria. The largest industrial zone in the country composed of the port and the surrounding area accounts for about half of the country's output value. Calabar CALABAR The port has a tropical rainforest climate and prevails southwesterly winds. The annual average temperature is about 30 ℃ at the highest and about 20 ℃ at the lowest. The average annual rainfall is about 2000mm. Average high tide: high tide is 3.2m, low tide is 0.7m. There are 4 main dock berths in the port area, the shoreline length is 938m, and the maximum water depth is 9m. The loading and unloading equipment includes various shore cranes, mobile cranes, tower cranes, forklifts and tugboats. The maximum lifting capacity of the tower crane is 36 tons, and the maximum power of the tugboat is 1765kW. The container yard in Xingang District is 13,500 m∧ <2>. In addition, there are 11 mooring boats with a floating distance of 130-220m, which can accommodate 10 cargo ships. The water depth of the big ship anchorage is about 11m. In 1992, the container throughput was 2078 TEU. The main export goods are petroleum, cocoa, rubber and palm kernel, etc. The imported goods mainly include machinery and equipment, vehicles, food and daily necessities. Not working on Chinese holidays, Good Friday and Christmas. Forcados There are mainly 2 offshore oil moorings in the port area: Focatos oil mooring, about 11n mile away from the shore, with 2 single-point mooring floats; Escravos (ESCRAVOS) oil mooring, about 12n mile away from the shore There are 2 single-point mooring vessels with a maximum capacity of 35 dwt. It is equipped with an oil pipeline with a diameter of 406.4 ～ 609.6mm and an underwater pipeline with a diameter of 1219.2mm. The length is about 14n mile. Loading and unloading efficiency: 4000 to 9000 tons per hour. There is an oil pipeline in the port area that can reach the Port Harcourt in the southeast (PORT HARCOURT). The above two berths have an annual oil transportation capacity of about 40 million tons. The port oil operation is a 24-hour continuous operation, and it does not work during the Chinese holidays, Good Friday and Christmas. Bonny The main berth of the port is an offshore oil mooring about 12nmile away from the shore, with a maximum draft of 22.8m and a super oil tanker of 320,000 dwt. There are underwater oil pipes with a diameter of 711.2 ～ 1219.2mm, and hoses with a diameter of 304.8 ～ 609.6mm are connected. The loading speed is 6000 tons per hour. A pressure recorder is installed at the junction of the hose and the outlet of the collecting pipe on the ship. The annual oil loading capacity is about 55 million tons, accounting for half of Nigeria ’s total oil transportation capacity. The loading and unloading work is a continuous operation for 24 hours.